What is dyslalia ?
Dyslalia is a disorder in which the phonetic aspect of pronunciation of consonants or consonant groups is affected. The lexical-semantic side is not affected. Dyslalia can be motor (difficulty in pronunciation), sensorial (difficulties in hearing differentiation and difficulties of introspection), mechanical (determined by malformations) and functional (due to operational difficulties of peripheral organs involved in joint sounds).
What is rhotacism?
Rhotacism is a distorted pronunciation of sound "r". This disorder belongs to dyslalia. The symptoms of this disorder are: distortions, omissions, substitutions, replacements. There are 28 forms of rhotacism and over 50 methods of correction. For the differential diagnosis of rhotacism spatula is used to see tongue position, a laryngoscopic mirror and the stethoscope are used to locate the vibration. A comprehensive examination is required.
What are speech disorders?
Speech disorders are variations permitted under the "standard language". Assessing whether a deviation from standard language exists can be done according to certain criteria: the age disparity between the subject and his speech, the stationary character of the disorders, the susceptibility to generate neuropsychological complications and the need for speech therapy treatment.
The number and diversity of language disorders has made the classification difficult.
Generally different criteria are used: the linguistic criterion, the etiological criterion, the morphological and symptomatically one.
The number and diversity of language disorders has made the classification difficult.
Generally different criteria are used: the linguistic criterion, the etiological criterion, the morphological and symptomatically one.
What is the mental deficiency?
Mental deficiency takes into account three criteria: intellectual functioning significantly below average, the deficit of the adaptive behavior and the fact that the mental deficiency occurs during the development period.
In order for a person to be diagnosed with a mental deficiency, he or she must obtain an I.Q. below or equal to 70 at more standardized tests that measure general intelligence.
The second criterion is adaptive behavior deficit that relates to maturing and learning standards, to personal autonomy and social responsibility established for the age group and social group to which he/ she belongs.
The correlation between IQ and adaptive behavior measurements varies depending on the nature and type of adaptive behavior of the population studied. However, this correlation seems to be higher in profound mental disability. In subjects with a slightly mental deficit, the correlation is less clear, and in some subjects with an IQ around 70 we may not find a deficit of the adaptive behavior.
Mental deficiency should not be considered as a permanent situation as an individual may meet the criteria of mental deficiency in a moment of his life, but do not meet these criteria at another time.
For the mental deficiency diagnosis adaptive behavior assessment is therefore indispensable.
The third criterion of the definition refers to the fact that the lower IQ and the inadequate behavior must be present during developmental period that is between conception and 18 years old.
Mental deficiency is a global a insufficiency and an IQ below average, which is manifested by a stagnation a slowdown or a lack of purchasing in development, with adverse consequences on adaptive behavior.
In order for a person to be diagnosed with a mental deficiency, he or she must obtain an I.Q. below or equal to 70 at more standardized tests that measure general intelligence.
The second criterion is adaptive behavior deficit that relates to maturing and learning standards, to personal autonomy and social responsibility established for the age group and social group to which he/ she belongs.
The correlation between IQ and adaptive behavior measurements varies depending on the nature and type of adaptive behavior of the population studied. However, this correlation seems to be higher in profound mental disability. In subjects with a slightly mental deficit, the correlation is less clear, and in some subjects with an IQ around 70 we may not find a deficit of the adaptive behavior.
Mental deficiency should not be considered as a permanent situation as an individual may meet the criteria of mental deficiency in a moment of his life, but do not meet these criteria at another time.
For the mental deficiency diagnosis adaptive behavior assessment is therefore indispensable.
The third criterion of the definition refers to the fact that the lower IQ and the inadequate behavior must be present during developmental period that is between conception and 18 years old.
Mental deficiency is a global a insufficiency and an IQ below average, which is manifested by a stagnation a slowdown or a lack of purchasing in development, with adverse consequences on adaptive behavior.
What is school integration ?
School integration is the inclusion in the public schools in non-formal to formal educational activities for children with special educational needs.
What are special educational needs ?
Special educational requirements refers to the educational needs of certain categories of persons with special needs that place them in a state of difficulty compared to others.
What is the deficit ?
The deficit means the loss ,the anomaly or the permanent or temporary disruption of physiological, anatomical or psychological functions that affects work capacity and integration into society.
What is the integrated education ?
Integrated education is the inclusion of children with special needs in mainstream schools to provide a favorable climate for their harmonious development.
What is special education ?
Special education is a synthesis science that uses 
information from medicine, psychology, pedagogy, sociology and social working and studies the personality of people with different types of deficiency or persons in integration and relationship difficulty.
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